1
Q
Charles Darwin’s theory that all life, including human, evolved over time
A
Evolution
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2
Q
Proposed that the Bible should be studied as any other work of literature or history to determine is validity and relevance
A
Higher Criticism
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3
Q
Religious ideology which believes that the Bible is literally true and, because it is from God, cannot contain contradictions or errors
A
Fundamentalism
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4
Q
Nicknamed the “monkey trial,” it centered around a science teacher named John Scopes who was arrested for violating a Tennessee law that forbade teaching Darwin’s theory of evolution instead of the Bible’s account of creation. Scopes was ultimately found guilty, and the law against teaching evolution remained in effect
A
Scopes Trial
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5
Q
Innovative industrialist who revolutionized the auto industry with a more efficient assembly line and mass production techniques that made automobiles more affordable
A
Henry Ford
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6
Q
Producing large quantities of a product, so as to be able to afford to sell them at more affordable prices
A
Mass Production
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7
Q
Innovative assembly line that allowed workers to stand still while the parts came to them. It increased production and revolutionized how factory work is done
A
Assembly Line
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8
Q
Henry Ford revolutionized production by viewing common workers as consumers. This encouraged mass production to make goods like cars affordable
A
Worker as Consumer
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9
Q
Industry of air travel that was born as a result of the work of Orville and Wilbur Wright and was boosted by Charles Lindbergh
A
Airline Industry
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10
Q
Things like refrigerators and sewing machines, made popular by electricity and which made life easier and gave more time for leisure activity
A
New Appliances
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11
Q
Because of advances in technology, people ventured into the city after dark to attend shows, have dinner, or take part in evening social events
A
Nightlife
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12
Q
Arose during the 20s as radio, magazines, and the popularity of movies served to create a mass culture by allowing people in different parts of the nation to be exposed to the same trends, fashions, news stories, etc
A
Mass Media
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13
Q
United the nation as people listened to the same shows and news
A
Radio
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14
Q
Helped create a national culture and became popular in the 20s
A
Movie Industry
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15
Q
Plans introduced in the 1920s that allowed consumers to purchase larger, more expensive products a little at a time rather than having to wait until they had saved the entire amount
A
Installment Plans
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16
Q
In the 20s, the US became a society that spent money and consumed rather than saved money
A
Consumer Society
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17
Q
Term referring to women of the 1920s who tended to be more rebellious and “fun-loving” than women of the past. They challenged the traditional gender roles in society and often caused more traditional citizens great concern
A
Flapper
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18
Q
Group of writers who felt lost in a society of greed and moral corruption. Among their numbers were F. Scott Fitzgerald, who authored The Great Gatsby, and Ernest Hemingway, who wrote The Sun Also Rises
A
The Lost Generation
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19
Q
A popular form of music after WWI that was popularized by Louis Armstrong and other African American musicians who brought their musical talents from Louisiana and Mississippi to the northern cities. Its fast pace inspired new dances like the “Charleston” and helped create a thriving nightlife. Crossing ethnic boundaries, found a receptive audience among both blacks and young whites
A
Jazz
20
Q
A cultural movement among the African American community involving music, art, and literature
A
Harlem Renaissance
21
Q
Political and economic philosophy in which the government owns all property, and individual rights mean little compared to the welfare of the state
A
Communism
22
Q
Concerns about communism that swept the nation following WWII
A
Red Scare
23
Q
Government action launched during the Red Scare in which suspected communists and other “subversives” (many of whom were immigrants who had committed no crimes) were arrested, jailed, and often deported
A
Palmer Raids
24
Q
Attitude/Movement strongly opposed to immigration
A
Nativism
25
Q
Restrictions put in place by the government which regulated how many people could immigrate to the US from certain parts of the world early in the 20th century
A
Immigration Quotas
26
Q
Secretive organization whose members often dressed in hooded white robes and used violence, murder, and threats to intimidate blacks and those who favored giving African Americans equal rights
A
KKK
27
Q
Common name given the period in which the Eighteenth Amendment was in effect, outlawing the sale and manufacture of alcoholic beverages in the United States
A
Prohibition
28
Q
Repealed Prohibition
A
21st Amendment
29
Q
Practice of buying stock in high-risk investments in hopes of making high returns on one’s money. It was a common practice in the years leading up to the Great Depression
A
Buying Stock on Speculation
30
Q
Process in which investors purchased stocks for only a portion of what they cost. They then borrowed the difference and paid interest on the loan
A
Buying on Margin
31
Q
Increased use of machinery for production
A
Mechanization
32
Q
Producing so much of a product that the prizes fall and producers often go bankrupt
A
Overproduction
33
Q
October 29, 1929; the day the stock market crashed marking the beginning of the Great Depression
A
Black Tuesday
34
Q
Time of great financial hardship that engulfed the US and the world during the late 20s and through the 1930s
A
Great Depression
35
Q
Name given makeshift shack villages set up by the poor and homeless during the Great Depression. The name refers to President Hoover, whom most blamed for their plights
A
Hoovervilles
36
Q
Positive democrat who was elected president in 1932 and was willing to experiment with deficit spending in order to launch his “New Deal” and address the nation’s economic problems
A
Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR)
37
Q
Radio addresses made directly to the US public by President Franklin Roosevelt shortly after he took office. They inspired hope at a time of financial crisis and even convinced some to start depositing their money in banks again
A
Fireside Chats
38
Q
Policy in which the federal government directly helps those hurting from financial crisis
A
Direct Relief
39
Q
Government spending of borrowed money
A
Deficit Spending
40
Q
Roosevelt’s domestic programs meant to alleviate the effects of the Great Depression
A
New Deal
41
Q
Act passed in 1913 that established a Federal Reserve to oversee banking in the United States. The Federal Reserve gave the federal government greater control over the circulation of money and helped prevent bank failures
A
Federal Reserve Act
42
Q
PWA was a new deal product. It fueled public works like dam construction and highways
A
Public Works Administration
43
Q
Established retirement income and money for disabled workers
A
Social Security
44
Q
Benefited from New Deal policies and union membership grew
A
Labor Movement
45
Q
Part of population that often received less pay than the breadwinners of families; their largest occupation continued to be domestic
A
Women
46
Q
Still worked as farmers and migrant workers. As a result, their lack of government payroll records often excluded them from programs like Social Security. In addition, New Deal work programs sanctioned racial segregation and African Americans experienced the highest ratio of unemployment among US citizens. What jobs they did get, however, were credited to Roosevelt and his programs. As a result, African Americans began to shift their political loyalty to the democratic party during the mid-1930s
A
Minorities
